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Retirement

Net Unrealized Appreciation (NUA)

Company stock in 401(k) → LTCG rates instead of ordinary.

Overview

On separation, distribute employer stock IN-KIND from 401(k). Pay ordinary tax only on cost basis; the appreciation qualifies for LTCG rates when eventually sold. Massive savings for long-tenured employees with appreciated company stock.

Best fit
Retiring executivesLong-tenured employeesConcentrated company stock in 401(k)
Estimated impact
10–20% tax savings on unrealized appreciation

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